Multilingualism in company webs
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Home: Are you a webmaster? How is the web site designed to make production in various languages easier?
How is the web site designed to make production
in various languages easier?

Aspects relating to the textual content
   
Identification of translatable text
Placing of translatable text
Other recommendations to facilitate internationalisation of the textual content
 
Placing of translatable text

HTML
Next we show a list of labels and attributes which can contain translatable text in HTML. In this way it will be easier to find any fragment of text which has been left untranslated.

A web page has two basic sections, HEAD and BODY:

1. In the <HEAD> section there are, for example, the META labels, which normally contain translatable text.

<HEAD>
<TITLE>Labels META</TITLE>
<META NAME="author" CONTENT="Mireia Soler, Tarragona">
<META NAME="Date_published" CONTENT="January 2004">
<META NAME="description" CONTENT="Description of META labels">
<META NAME="key_words" CONTENT="labels, location web sites, computer language">
</HEAD>

A label of special importance is "language". It is used to indicate the natural language of the document. E.g.:

<meta name="language" content="Catalan,Spanish,English">
or
<META NAME="Content-language" CONTENT="ca,es,en">

Search engines which can index webs on the basis of the language of the contents read this label to determine in which language or languages the contents of the web are offered. The use of the "language" label is recommended when the web is not in English or when it is multilingual.

However, it must be taken into account that there are some search engines which do not need this label, but determine the web language from the texts it contains.

Some examples of language names:
BG (Bulgarian)
CA (Catalan)
CS (Czech)
DA (Danish)
DE (German)
EL (Greek)
EN (English)
EN-GB (English -Great Britain)
EN-US (English – United States)
ES (Spanish)
ES-ES (Spanish - Spanish state)
FI (Finnish)
GA (Galician)
HR (Croatian)
FR (French)
FR-CA (French -Quebec)
FR-FR (French -France)
IT (Italian)
JA (Japanese)
KO (Korean)
NL (Dutch)
NO (Norwegian)
OC (Occitanian, Aranese)
PL (Polish)
PT (Portuguese)
RU (Russian)
SV (Swedish)
ZH (Chinese)
2. In the <BODY> section we find the following labels and attributes with translatable text. It must be said that many of these attributes assigned to one label can also be found in other labels, but not all the cases are mentioned, so as not to repeat the information.

LABELS TYPE ATTRIBUTES EXAMPLE
  <A>   Link   tittle / name /on…
  <A HREF="exemple.html" onMouseOver="alert('Avís')">Exemple</A>
<buit>
  <APPLET>   Integrated application   alt /name    <APPLET CODE="Cursa"
<PARAM NAME=TEXT VALUE="Hola">
<P>Hola<P>
</APPLET>
<buit>
  <AREA>   Area of a map of images
  alt / on...   <AREA HREF=”familia.html” ALT=”Familia”>
<buit>
  <EMBED>   Include plugin   alt   <EMBED src="radio/programa.mid" ALT ="programa">
<buit>
  <INPUT>   Fields on a form  
alt / on.../ Value / name
  <INPUT NAME=”Correu”>
<buit>
  <IMG>   Image   alt   <img src="imatges/bolao.gif" ALT ="Terra">
<buit>
  <ISINDEX>   Data entry field

  prompt   <ISINDEX PROMPT="Nom del client:">
<buit>
  <OPTION>   List for selection   label / value   <SELECT NAME="towns">
<OPTION VALUE="382">Palamós </SELECT>
<buit>
  <SCRIPT>   Normally, application Java   alert   <SCRIPT TYPE=”text/javascript”
onMouseOver="alert('Nota')">Nota </SCRIPT>
<buit>
  <TABLE>

  Table   Summary   <TABLE SUMMARY="Llista de productes">
<buit>
  <TH>
<TD>
<TR>

  Table labels: Heading, column and row
  abbr   <TD>Mariona Arnau</TD> <TD>Directora</TD>
<buit>
  diverse       title   <A HREF="atles.html" TITLE="Atles comarcal”>District</A>
XML
In the case of XML, it is recommended not to use attributes to store translatable text
for the   following reasons   :

It can create problems of segmentation in some tools
It is more difficult to have metadata for attributes than for elements
One cannot establish two different languages for two attributes of the same element
It is more difficult to put unique IDs on the attributes
   
 
Content
1. Introduction
2. What do you want to translate?
3. How is the web site designed to make production in various languages easier?
3.1. Technical aspects
3.2. Textual content
3.3. Graphic content
4. The localization phase
4.1. Preparation
4.2. Realisation
5. After localization: the checking phase
5.1. Functional
5.2. Visual
6. Style guide
> Bibliography
following reasonsUp

24th Internacionalization and Unicode Conference. Web Internacionalization, Standards and Practices http://www.w3.org/International/resources.html

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