Turning to the State administration, with a mean score of 52%, there is a noticeably negative result for written communications, where surprsingly only 11% of written communications are realised in Catalan, which means that this administration neither issues documents nor holds, practically speaking, models of documents in Catalan for the local population. The situation for signs and labels in central government offices —both for identification purposes [RID] and informational purposes [RIN]— is less than bilingual On the other hand, the oral language tips slightly in favour of Catalan in self-identification [LOI, 55%] and clearly does so in adapting to the language of a caller who expresses himself / herself in Catalan [LOC, 70%].

Figure 3. State administration

Justice and the law courts constitute rather a special case (no pun intended) because the transference of competences to the Generalitat was subsequent to 1983 and was not total, since in certain fundamental aspects it continues to be subject to state directives. This can be seen in the way signs and labels or identification purposes tend to be bilingual [RID, 57%] while informational signs are more Catalanicised [RIN, 65%]. The strongest point of the Justice administration is the availability of models of documents in Catalan for the general public and the staff in this ambit [WRC, 75%], the result of the work of language normalisation technicians of the Department of Justice in recent years who have translated these models. That does not mean, however, that the paper work, rulings and verdicts, the judicial documents in the widest sense, are in the Catalan language. The weak point of Justice is the oral language factor: 23% in identification [LOI] and 30% in the convergence on the caller's Catalan [LOC]. This almost certainly reflects the fact of staffing and mobility: gaining of posts of responsibility by means of competition is still organised by central government in Madrid.

Figure 4. Justice

6. The provision of Catalan in the economy and society sectors

The Economy sector includes companies in the primary and secondary sectors in the factory estates, hypermarkets and shopping centres, as well as professional and trades associations, public transport, shops and services. Each of these subsectors (and the ambits in which they are divided) present indicators that are quite differentiated depending on the factors. The overall mean score or index is 66% for provision of Catalan, where the language of oral convergence has considerable weight [LOC, 75%]. Less favourably, there is the factor of written communications [WRC 55%], where considerable skewing comes from the advertising leaflets dropped into letterboxes, so here Tarragona barely scrapes a bilingual score. Signs and labels, both the identification and the informational, attain 60%.

Figure 5. Economy

Also a separate study was made of the signs and notices in the centre of the city and the suburbs. In this case the differences are notable: the percentages we find in the city centre reach 80% (RID) and 72% (RIN), while in the Tarragona suburbs percentages dip as low as 54% (RID) and 23% (RIN). The signs and notices, of course, are a reflection of the sociolinguistic contrasts of the city.

Figure 6. Shop and service companies (neighborhood)

Figure 7. Shop and service companies (town centre)

The Society and leisure sections include cultural and sports associations of all kinds, Christian parishes and churches, cinema, theatre and sports events. All factors are around 80%, except the language of oral identification [LIO] which scores 50%. The reason, in large part, for this discrepancy lies in the language used in the films —100% in Spanish, whether dubbed or direct— at the time the observations were made. To a lesser extent, it is also the result of the language use of the cultural and sports associations, although in this case the situation is notable compensated by the language of Oral Convergence, that is, the degree of Oral Convergence on the caller's Catalan [LOC], which reached 89%.

Figure 8. Society and leisure

7. The provision of Catalan in the media and health and education

In the case of the Media only two factors are observed: firstly, written communication [WRC], in other words, the daily and weekly papers, with both local and county-wide distribution, as well as the papers and magazines with general distribution; and secondly the language of oral identification [LOI], that is to say, the audio-visual media —radio stations and TV networks—here too with local and county distribution as we as general distribution. Thus, both in one case and the other, the mean score is at around 40% Catalan. Where the press is concerned, this (in any case not very high) result is due to the local papers and the two general dailies in Catalan. Turning to the audio-visual media, there are local television stations and the Autonomous regional television (Catalonia), as well as local television stations and the local programming of the nationwide networks, all making a contribution to this result.

Figure 9. Media