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Sociolingüística catalana


Uses and social representations of languages in the Balearic Islands,
by Ernest Querol


CONTINUA


Table 1. Sample obtained using all strata (cont.)

PUBLIC SCHOOLS

Island and town/city

Agglome-
ration type

Ownership of centre

Ling. orient.

Social
strata

Total surveys

% of sample

Biel Martí

Menorca

Ferreries

Rural

Public

Cat.

Middle

15

3.4%

Sa Colomina

Ibiza

Ibiza

Urban

Public

Span.

Middle

28

6.3%

Joan Alcover

Mallorca

Palma

Palma

Centre

Public

Equal

High

21

4.7%

Francesc de Borja

Mallorca

Palma

Palma

Outskirts

Public

Span.

Low

20

4.5%

Ramon Llull

Mallorca

Palma

Palma

Centre

Public

Span.

High-
middle

28

6.3%

Arxiduc Lluís

Mallorca

Palma

Palma

Centre

Public

Span.

Middle

22

4.9%

Josep Sureda i Blanes

Mallorca

Palma

Palma

Outskirts

Public

Equal

Lower-
middle

23

5.2%

Capdepera

Mallorca

Capdepera

Rural

Coastal

Public

Equal

Middle

35

7.9%

Guillem Colom

Mallorca

Sóller

Rural

Inland

Public

Equal

Middle

25

5.6%

Llucmajor

Mallorca

Llucmajor

Urban

Public

Cat.

Middle

25

5.6%

Statistics were processed using a package commonly used in social science research: the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS), Version 8.0 (registered software). We applied the analyses of frequencies and percentages of each variable (univariable analysis), the intersection of two variables (bivariable analysis) and the multivariable analysis (discriminating and multiple regression analyses) to the fieldwork results. We also used a new method of graph-based induction techniques called SIPINA: Interactive System for the Processes of Non-Arborescent Interrogation No-Arborescent, which will see in Section 5.2.2.

We have divided our account of the results according to their purpose: descriptive, explanatory and predictive.

5. Results

5.1. Descriptive Results

The reliability coefficient ranges from .9282 for the scale on identity to .9808 for the scale on social representations of languages.

As regards languages learned, the first language of pupils is Spanish in 56.7% of cases and Catalan in 39.5%. However, we were unable to classify 0.9% of pupils because they did not answer the survey correctly. The second language learned is Catalan in 50.9% of cases and Spanish in 40.8%. A total of 8.3% pupils learned a different language. The first language of 37.5% of fathers was Catalan – two percentage points lower than for pupils. Spanish was the first language of 55.5% of fathers whereas 7% had learnt another language. The Catalan-learning percentages for pupils’ mothers were higher than those of the fathers: 38.8%. However, the majority – 52.6% – learnt Spanish as their first language, and 8.6% of mothers learnt a different language. We also observe that only 38.3% of fathers and 39.2% of mothers learn Catalan as a second language. Finally, 12.2% of fathers and 17.9% of mothers do not learn any language other than their first.

Intergenerational Language Transmission

General data on the language spoken by parents of the pupils that we surveyed reveal that, when both parents were Catalan-speaking, Spanish was only transmitted in three cases, representing 2.4%, and 97.6% transmitted Catalan. When both were Spanish-speaking, 4.2% spoke in Catalan with their children. Therefore, 95.2% transmitted Spanish. In 0.5% (one case) a different language was transmitted.


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